The Directorate of Research is one of the pioneer organizations of the country established on 16th June 1951 with joining of Dr. L. N. Chakravorty as a first Research Officer of the then NEFA Administration with headquarter at Shillong. Dr. Verrier Elwin renowned Anthropological Researcher was appointed as an Anthropological consultant and later re-designated as Advisor to the Governor of Assam on tribal affairs on 1st January 1954, under whose guidance and supervision the department was reorganized and strengthen with appointment of more Research officers to conduct erudite research on multidimensional aspects such as culture, history & Archaeology and Philology. He was the head of the organization till his death 1964. In 1969 the head of the organization is designated as the Director of Research and B. Dasshastri was the first Director till 1973
During last five decades, the Directorate of Research has been reorganized and strengthened from time to time and there are at present following sections viz Archaeology, Archives, Culture, History, Museum and Philology. Besides these technical sections there are a Publication Section and the Reference Library.The Directorate of Research was Shifted to Itanagar, the state capital in June 1986.
The Directorate has published 138 Nos of Books 30 Nos. booklet which are prepared through intensive field study and research. A departmental journal entitled RESARUN has been published regularly since 1975. A Bulletin on Museums of Arunachal Pradesh also published from 2006.
The Directorate of Research is presently headed by Shri Batem Pertin, Director and supported by the Deputy Directors, Assistant Directors, District Research Officers and other Technical officers; an Administrative Officer with a strength of total 168 of which 69 nos. are technical officers and rest 99 nos. are Ministerial staff, stationed at Directorate Head Quarter presently at Itanagar since June 1986 and Districts. Apart from the conducting research on the tribes of Arunachal Pradesh on aforesaid subjects, the Directorate has also managed J. N. State Museum, Districts museums, Archaeological Museums, Research Archives, Reference Library, History and Archaeological Sites.